Sometimes in your projects you simply do not have enough I/O lines available, take for example a lot of the multiple LED examples, these use 8 outputs to control 8 LEDs via your PIC, that can restrict the amount of outputs you would have available to drive other devices. Instead of this we can use a shift register, in this case a 74HC595 and using 3 I/O pins we can control 8 LED’s, thats a saving of 5 I/O pins for other uses.
You can use it to control 8 outputs at a time while only taking up a few pins on your microcontroller. You can link multiple registers together to extend your output even more. The 74HC595 has an 8 bit storage register and an 8 bit shift register. Data is written to the shift register serially, then latched onto the storage register. The storage register then controls 8 output lines
Lets look at the 74HC595 in more detail
595 pin diagram
Pins
| PINS 1-7, 15 | Q0 to Q7 | Output Pins |
| PIN 8 | GND | Ground, Vss |
| PIN 9 | Q7″ | Serial Out |
| PIN 10 | MR | Master Reclear, active low |
| PIN 11 | SH_CP | Shift register clock pin |
| PIN 12 | ST_CP | Storage register clock pin (latch pin) |
| PIN 13 | OE | Output enable, active low |
| PIN 14 | DS | Serial data input |
| PIN 16 | Vcc | Positive supply voltage usually 5v |
This is a link to the 74HC595 datasheet
Schematic
atmega16 and 74hc595
Code
[codesyntax lang=”c”]
#define SHIFT_CLOCK PORTD.F2
#define SHIFT_LATCH PORTD.F1
#define SHIFT_DATA PORTD.F0
void shiftdata595(unsigned char _shiftdata)
{
unsigned int i;
unsigned char temp;
temp = _shiftdata;
i=8;
while (i>0)
{
if (temp.F7==0)
{
SHIFT_DATA = 0;
}
else
{
SHIFT_DATA = 1;
}
temp = temp<<1;
SHIFT_CLOCK = 1;
Delay_us(1);
SHIFT_CLOCK = 0;
i--;
}
}
void latch595()
{
SHIFT_LATCH = 1;
Delay_us(1);
SHIFT_LATCH = 0;
}
void main()
{
DDRD=0xFF;
PORTD=0xFF;
while(1)
{
shiftdata595(1);
latch595();
delay_ms(200);
shiftdata595(0x02);
latch595();
delay_ms(200);
shiftdata595(0b00000100);
latch595();
delay_ms(200);
}
}
[/codesyntax]
Links
30pcs SN74HC595N 8 Bit Shift Register